Ventilator for buildings



July 8, 1947. G. TILLMAN VENTAILATOR FOR BUILDINGS Filed Feb. 19, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet l l C1 &l Q M? Arron/van July 8, 1947. G. TILLMAN VENTILATOR FOR lBUILDINGS Filed Feb. 19', 1945 2 SheetS-Sheekl 2' FIEF- E ATTO/PNE Y.

pose the base of the wall I4 substantially in line with the roof ridge or apex 8 and adjacent side of the aperture 9, and so that the ilange 2D forms a support to assist in holding the ventilator in place on the roof and against downward sliding motion on the roof section 2a. In addition, of course, suitable fastening means passing through the respective .flanges and engaging the roof may be employed to iirmly fasten the ventilator in position on the roof against any possibility of casual displacement.

It will be observed that the base plate II is of less width than the base of the body I2 and that its inner edge terminates a distance from and in spaced relation to the base of the wall I4, whereby an intervening passage 2I isV formed which overlies and registers with the aperture 9 and is co-extensive in size therewith. Also it will be observed that the wall I3, which is inclined upwardly and inwardly at a sharper angle than the wallY I4, extends continuously in a straight line from the base plate to the top of the ventilated body, while the body of the wall I4 terminatesr below the top of the ventilator body and has its top portion bent outward, as at 22, at a reverse angle to its body portion and substantially parallel with the upper portion of the wall I3. This inner edge is bent upward to form a guard flange or deflector 23. By this construction the body I2 is disposed at such an angle of inclination to the roof section 2a and base plate II as to dispose its upper outlet end in a vertical or substantially vertical position, while its wall I4 is disposed so that it inclines inwardly and upwardly to bring the upper edge of its body portion over and about in line with the longitudinal center line of the passage 2|. Asa result of the construction described the passage 2I, which overlies the aperture 9,v is arranged at one side of the longitudinal center of the base of the ventilator body I2 and between the same and the base of the wall I4. This wall I4 has iixed to its flanged portion 22 a baille plate Vor deiiector 24, which is preferably integral therewith and extends downwardly therefrom at a reverse angle to the body of the wal1 I4 and parallel with the wall I 4 and parallel with the lwallV I 3, said plate terminating above the plane of the base plate II and above and in line with the flange 23 and coacting therewith t0 divide thebase of the ventilator bodyinto an inlet compartment 25 communicating with the passage 2| and an outlet compartment Z6 connected therewith by a lateral passage 21, which outlet compartment in turn communicates with the relativelyinarrowed Vor constricted vent passage 28 formed between the baille or deflector plate V24 and the opposed upper portion of the wall I3. In practice this passage 28 may be divided by partition plates 29 (one of which isshown) into any desired number of smaller passages, according to the length of the Ventilator employed. Also in practice any of the passages referred to which has absorbed heat from the'roof, is drawn upwardly into and discharged through the ven- Y y vice will be thoroughly effective for this purpose in summer and may be used in winter in a heated house, by the use of dampers, to circulate just I enough air to keep the air in the building fresh and pure. It will be noted that by the described construction of the ventilators the inlet and outlet compartments 25 and 26 are offset from one another and connected by the lateral passage 21,. and that the compartment 25 is guarded against the entrance of rain, snow, sleet or wind by the `deiiectors 23 and 24,- so that no moisture can enterthe chamber 5, any moisture which may enter through the top of` the ventilator being'directed into the compartment 26. T0 allow this moisture to discharge and keep the compartment clear, drain outlets 30 at the bottom of the wall'- I3 are provided'which may be in size and number suicient to allowth'e moisture to discharge as fast as accumulated. As the ventilator is simple in construction and may be easily installed econa ilat roof 27. In this construction the ceiling 4" omy in the installation and use of the apparatus is ensured. y

In Figure 8 is disclosed a slightly modified f orm of ventilator Ill for use upon a building I' having is sho-wn as having registers 'I' erlike outlets for air passing from the building into the space or chamberV 5 between the ceiling and roof and the sloping roof is shown as provided at its highest `point with the Vent passage 9' communicating with the ventilator. The ventilator here is similar in construction to that disclosed in Figures 1-7 except that its base plate I I and the'base flanges I'I, I8', I3 and 2B are flat to rest squarely on the roof, and the wall I3', upper part 22 of wall I 3 and baille plate 24 are straight and parallel with each other and arranged relatively tothe base plate to dispose the body I2' in a substantially upright position. Otherwise the construction of the ventilator Ill is the same as ventilator IIJ and provided with corresponding parts which, like the above described parts, are designated by similar primed reference numerals.

Figure l0 'shows'a modified form of ventilator Ia which'is similar in general constructionto theventilator IIIIbut is adapted, like the venmay be provided with dampers or other means for controlling the now of air therethrough Vand any number of ventilators may be used on a roof according to ventilation requirements.

It will be evident that the form of the ventilator and inclination of its walls provide, even in a, small ventilator, a large extent of surface exposed to the rays of the sun to absorb heat therefrom and extract heat from the roof.

In the operation of the device, Vthe heat of the sun absorbed by the ventilator induces a draft therethrough whereby the heated air which has risen through the ducts into the chambl! an@ tilatorID, to be used on a g'abled roof. The same reference characters are used in Figure 10 to designate those parts in ventilator Illa corresponding or substantially corresponding tov similar parts of ventilator Ill.V The ventilator' Illa is mounted on a roof similar to that shown inFig ures 1 to 4, inclusive, and the main difference between the same and the ventilator IIJ' resides in a change in the angles ofinclination of the oase plate II' and wall I4' and form of the ange 20 to suit a gabled roof, the plate I I and'fla'n'ge 2U being formed to rest on the roof sections 20a, and 2Gb. Also ventilator I 0a i-s provided with a holding ange 23a depending into thelaperture 9 to assist in'holding'the ventilator 'in position. Tlli f Ql'm Of ventilator may be employed in place afroep-39.

s of wentilator l0 -on a-gabled roofwhen desired. V'From the `foregoing description, ltake-n in :connectioniwithcthedrawingsftheconstruction,fmode 'of 'operation 'and jadvantagesof my solar venti- "laftor Yviril-l be `readily understood 'and appreciated by thosefversed inthe art'without a further .and extended `"descriptien. 2While the structures disclosed are preferred, .the invention is not limited thereto, as changes in 'the vform, Vproportion and construction :of vithe 1Ventilator, 1 tp .meet varying conditions of service, may be made .within the scope of theappended vclaims without .departing from the spirit or sacrificing any 'oft'he advantages sof :the invention.

.thns .described :my linvention, i1 :claim: Y 21. Awentilatoroffthe .character.describedicompris'ing an:'blongrectangularbody of r,trulflcatetriangular form in cross section and including a bottom, side walls-andendwalls and havin-g an air inletfcompartment opening outward through its bottom, an air outlet .compartment opening outwardthrough its top said compartments beingrarranged out of vertical-alinement with. each other, a partition extending upwardly from its bottom and separating the lower portions of the compartments, a partition extending downwardly from its top and disposed in spaced relation tothe first-named partition, to form therewith a passage between the compartments above the bottoms thereof, the second-named partition serving as a deiiector to direct any moisture enteringthe top of the air outlet compartment toward the bottom offsaid compartment, and drain outlets from the air outlet compartment arranged below the level of said passage.

2. A Ventilator of the character described comprising a body of unitary construction and of substantially oblong rectangular form in plan and of truncate-triangular form in cross section, said body being formed of a bottom wall, a straight side wall, a side wall inclined upwardly and inwardly toward the straight side wall and being shorter than the latter and terminating below the top thereof, and straight parallel end walls equal in height to the straight side wall, said walls forming air inlet and outlet compartments located respectively on opposite sides of the vertical longitudinal center of the body and between the same and said straight and inclined side walls, a short vertical wall arranged parallel with the upper portion of the straight side wall and connected with and extending downwardly from the upper edge of the inclined sidev wall and forming with said upper portion of the straight side wall a retricted air outlet depending into and leading upwardly from the air outlet compartment to the atmosphere at the top of the body and also forming a partition extending downwardly into the body between the upper portions of the air inlet and outlet compartments, the bottom wall being provided with an air inlet opening into the base of the air inlet compartment and having a flange extending upwardly therefrom at its side facing the air outlet and forming with said partition a restricted lateral passage connecting the air inlet compartment with the air outlet compartment below the level of the depending inlet end of the restricted air outlet.

3. A ventilator of the character described comprising a body of unitary construction and of sub stantially oblong rectangular form in plan and of truncate-triangular form in cross section, said body being formed of a bottom wall, a straight side wall, a side wall inclined upwardly and inwardly toward the straight side wall and being f6 shorter than the flatter 4and .terminating vbelow thev top thereof, and straight'parallel :end :walls equal 'inhe'ight to .a straight :side wall, said walls forming Jair inlet fand outlet compartments located respectively uon opposite rsides of the vertical longitudinal center ofthe .body .and said straight and linclineidside walls, `a kshort vertical wall ar.- rangedl parallel with the upper :portion of the straglit Vside iwall and .connected with and .exltending :upwardly and downwardly from the upper edge-of ftheinclined :side wall and forming :with saidupper portion lof the straight side lwallfa lrestricted air outlet :depending into and leading upward ororn the airoutlet .compartment to-.theratmosphere atthe top of the body and also 'forming :a :partition Vextending downwardly into the :bodylbetween .the upper portions of the 'air inlet and outlet compartments, -the vbottom :wall being provided withsan airinlet opening into the base iof fthe air-inlet compartment and having a flange extending upwardly therefrom at :its :side facing ltheair outlet compartment and forming --with said partition a restricted lateral passage connecting the compartments below the level of the depending inlet end of the restricted air outlet, and flanges extending outwardly from the side and end walls of the body for attaching the same to a roof.

4. A ventilator of the character described comprising a body of unitary construction and of substantially oblong rectangular form in plan and of truncate-triangular form in cross-section, said body being formed of a bottom wall, a straight side wall, a side wall inclined upwardly and inwardly toward the straight side wall and being shorter than the latter and terminating below the top thereof, and straight parallel end walls equal in height to the straight side wall, said walls forming air inlet and outlet compartments located respectively on opposite sides of the vertical longitudinal center of the body and said straight and inclined side walls, a short vertical wall arranged parallel with the upper portion of the straight side wall and connected with and extending upwardly and downwardly from the upper edge of the inclined side wall and forming with said upper portion of the straight side wall a restricted air outlet depending into and leading upward from the air outlet compartment to the atmosphere at the top of the body and also forming a partition extending downwardly into the body between the upper portions of the air inlet and outlet compartments, the bottom wall being inclined upwardly and inwardly at an angle to the vertical plane of the body and being provided with an air inlet opening into the base of the air inlet compartment and having a ange extending downward below the plane of thebottom wall and a flange extending upwardly at its side facing the air outlet compartment and forming with said partition a restricted lateral passage connecting the compartments below the level of the depending inlet end of the restricted air outlet, and anges at the base of the body for attaching the same to a roof.

5. A ventilator of the character described comprising a body of unitary construction and of substantially oblong rectangular form in plan and of truncate-triangular form in cross-section, said body being formed of a bottom wall, a straight side wall, a side wall inclined upwardly and inwardly toward the straight side wall and being shorter than the latter and terminating below the top thereof, and straight parallel end walls equal in height to the straight side wall, said walls forming air inlet and outlet compartments located respectively on opposite sides of the vertical longitudinal center of the body and said straight and inclined side walls, a short vertical wall arranged parallel with the upper portion of the straight side wall and connected withV and extending upwardly and downwardly from the upper edge of the inclined side wall and forming with said upper portion of the straight side Wall a restricted air outlet depending into and leading upward from the air outlet compartment to the atmosphere at the top of the body and also forming a partition extending downwardly into the body between the upper portions of the air inlet and outlet compartments, the bottom wall being inclined upwardly and inwardly to the vertical plane of the body between the straight and inclined side walls and being provided with an air inlet opening into the base of the air inlet compartment and vhaving a flange extending upwardly therefrom at its side facing the air outlet compartment and forming with said parttionva restricted lateral passage connecting the compartments below the level of the depending inlet end of the restricted air outlet, and attaching flanges projecting outwardly from the basesof the side.

and end Walls,.the flange projecting from the base of the inclined side wall being inclined at an outward and downward angle thereto.

GEORGE 'IILLMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

